Abstract: Marketing, customer, employee, firm disclosure data have become increasingly multimodal, simultaneously conveying visual, auditory, and textual information. Most prior studies adopt a “signal-by-signal” AI approach, using LLM to extract visual, textual, and audio features separately. Yet

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming how employees approach their work—but not without emotional and interpersonal consequences. This research sheds light on these consequences by drawing from the appraisal theory of emotions to examine how employees feel about their own